How might corticosteroids affect the immune system?

Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are synthesized in the adrenal cortex and have profound effects on various physiological processes, including the immune response. The correct answer indicates that corticosteroids can suppress immune function. This immunosuppressive effect is primarily due to their ability to reduce inflammation and inhibit the activity of immune cells such as lymphocytes and macrophages.

When corticosteroids are administered, they can inhibit the proliferation and activation of T cells and B cells, which play critical roles in the adaptive immune response. Additionally, corticosteroids can decrease the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to a reduction in the overall immune response. This is particularly beneficial in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions, and conditions where excessive immune activation is harmful.

The other potential answers do not capture the comprehensive view of corticosteroids’ effects on the immune system. For example, while boosting immune response or having no effect contradicts the well-documented immunosuppressive properties of these agents, the notion that corticosteroids only affect the nervous system fails to acknowledge their wide-ranging influence on various systems, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune functions. In summary, the ability of corticosteroids to suppress immune function is a key factor in their therapeutic applications, making this