In the context of macronutrients, what should be emphasized for patients taking corticosteroids long-term?

For patients on long-term corticosteroid therapy, it is vital to emphasize higher protein and calcium intake due to the physiological effects of corticosteroids on the body. Corticosteroids can lead to muscle wasting and decreased protein synthesis, making adequate protein consumption crucial for maintaining muscle mass and supporting immune function. Higher protein intake can help counteract some of the muscle catabolism associated with long-term corticosteroid use.

Additionally, corticosteroids can affect bone density by reducing calcium absorption and increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Hence, a diet rich in calcium is essential to support bone health and mitigate the risk of fractures in patients on these medications. This dual focus on protein and calcium helps in managing the adverse effects of corticosteroids while promoting overall health and well-being.