What dietary modification should a nurse recommend for a patient on corticosteroids to help counteract side effects?

Corticosteroids can lead to various side effects, one of which includes the potential for decreased bone density. This is particularly concerning for patients who may be on long-term corticosteroid therapy. To help counteract this effect, increasing calcium intake is a prudent recommendation. Adequate calcium is essential for maintaining strong bones and can help mitigate the risk of osteoporosis that is often exacerbated by corticosteroid use.

Moreover, it is also beneficial to ensure sufficient vitamin D levels alongside calcium, as vitamin D is crucial for calcium absorption and bone health. Dietary sources rich in calcium, such as dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods, can help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of fractures.

In contrast, other dietary modifications like increasing sodium intake can exacerbate fluid retention and hypertension, which are common side effects of corticosteroids. Similarly, decreasing carbohydrate or protein intake isn't typically beneficial in managing the side effects associated with corticosteroid therapy. Adequate protein is important for overall health, and carbohydrates can provide necessary energy. Hence, increasing calcium intake stands out as the most appropriate dietary modification for this specific scenario.