What effect do corticosteroids have on bone health?

Corticosteroids are known to have a significant impact on bone health, particularly by increasing the risk for osteoporosis. This effect occurs because corticosteroids can interfere with the bone remodeling process. They inhibit the function of osteoblasts, which are the cells responsible for bone formation, while simultaneously promoting the activity of osteoclasts, the cells that break down bone. As a result, long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to decreased bone mineral density, making bones more fragile and significantly increasing the likelihood of fractures.

The mechanism involving corticosteroids involves complex hormonal interactions and effects on calcium metabolism, leading to potential deficiencies that further exacerbate bone demineralization. Understanding this aspect is crucial for patients who are prescribed corticosteroids, as they may need to take additional measures to protect their bone health, such as dietary changes, supplementation, or even medications specifically aimed at preventing osteoporosis.

In contrast to other options, corticosteroids do not enhance bone density or have no effect on bone health; nor do they primarily affect cartilage health exclusively. The primary concern indeed rests with their impact on bone density and the risk of developing osteoporosis.