What is a common complication of untreated Cushing's disease?

Cushing's disease, which results from excessive production of cortisol, is characterized by a range of symptoms and complications due to the effects of elevated corticosteroids. One of the hallmark features of this condition is an increase in fat deposition, particularly in certain areas of the body, leading to obesity. The excess cortisol drives metabolic changes that result in increased appetite and an abnormal distribution of body fat, often resulting in a rounded face, increased fat around the abdomen, and fat accumulation on the back of the neck (often referred to as "buffalo hump").

The other options do not directly align with the most characteristic and prevalent complication of untreated Cushing's disease. While decreased appetite, anemia, and insomnia can occur in various medical conditions, obesity stands out as a predominant consequence of the hormonal imbalances caused by this disease. Hence, recognizing obesity as a common complication in this context helps underscore the significant impact of glucocorticoid excess on body composition and overall health.