What is the consequence of abrupt withdrawal from long-term corticosteroid use?

Abrupt withdrawal from long-term corticosteroid use can lead to an adrenal crisis, which is a life-threatening condition. When corticosteroids are administered over an extended period, the body’s natural production of cortisol is suppressed. This suppression means that the adrenal glands may reduce in size and become less functional. If corticosteroids are suddenly stopped, the body may not be able to rapidly adjust and produce adequate amounts of cortisol to meet physiological needs, especially under stress.

An adrenal crisis can present with symptoms such as severe fatigue, dizziness, abdominal pain, low blood pressure, and in extreme cases, it can lead to shock. Therefore, it is critical that corticosteroids are tapered gradually rather than stopped abruptly to allow the adrenal glands time to recover their function. This understanding highlights the importance of carefully managing corticosteroid therapy and recognizing the risks associated with sudden discontinuation.