What is the main consequence of long-term corticosteroid use?

Long-term corticosteroid use is most significantly associated with the development of osteoporosis. Corticosteroids can interfere with the bone remodeling process, leading to decreased bone density over time. They inhibit the formation of new bone and increase the rate of bone resorption, which collectively contribute to a higher risk of fractures and weakened bones. This aspect of corticosteroid side effects is particularly relevant for patients who require prolonged treatment for conditions such as autoimmune disorders, inflammatory diseases, or certain endocrine disorders.

While weight gain, increased blood pressure, and glucose intolerance are indeed possible side effects of long-term corticosteroid treatment, the direct and severe impact on bone health is a prominent concern that healthcare providers monitor in patients on these medications. Thus, the prevalence of osteoporosis among long-term corticosteroid users elevates its significance as a major consequence of such therapy, making it the best answer in this context.