Which agent is an example of a mineralocorticoid?

Fludrocortisone is classified as a mineralocorticoid, which is a type of steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. Mineralocorticoids primarily regulate sodium and potassium levels in the body and help control blood pressure. Fludrocortisone specifically mimics the effects of aldosterone, which is the principal mineralocorticoid produced in the adrenal glands.

This agent enhances the reabsorption of sodium from the kidney tubules back into the bloodstream while promoting the excretion of potassium in urine. As a result, it plays a crucial role in maintaining electrolyte balance and supporting blood pressure regulation. This function is vital in certain clinical conditions where there is a deficiency in natural mineralocorticoids or in cases requiring increased sodium retention, such as Addison's disease or certain types of orthostatic hypotension.

The other agents listed, such as cortisone, prednisone, and dexamethasone, are primarily glucocorticoids. These hormones have a different role in the body, mainly related to metabolism regulation, anti-inflammatory responses, and immune system suppression, rather than directly affecting mineral balance.