Why is it important to taper off corticosteroids rather than stopping abruptly?

Tapering off corticosteroids is crucial to avoid adrenal crisis, which can occur when the body is abruptly deprived of the steroid hormones it has come to rely on from external sources. Corticosteroids, when used for an extended period, suppress the normal function of the adrenal glands, leading to decreased production of endogenous cortisol. If these medications are suddenly discontinued, the body may not be able to ramp up its own cortisol production quickly enough to meet physiological demands, especially during times of stress.

Adrenal crisis can manifest through symptoms such as severe fatigue, dizziness, low blood pressure, and even shock, which can be life-threatening. The tapering process allows the adrenal glands to gradually resume their normal function and cortisol production, thus providing a safer withdrawal from corticosteroid therapy. This approach is essential for preventing serious complications related to adrenal insufficiency that could arise from sudden cessation of corticosteroids.