Why is it important to monitor blood glucose levels in patients receiving glucocorticoids like hydrocortisone?

Monitoring blood glucose levels in patients receiving glucocorticoids, such as hydrocortisone, is particularly important because these medications can induce hyperglycemia, which is an elevated level of glucose in the blood. Glucocorticoids influence glucose metabolism by promoting gluconeogenesis in the liver, reducing the sensitivity of tissues to insulin, and increasing the utilization of fats for energy. This combination of effects can lead to higher blood glucose levels, especially in patients with pre-existing diabetes or those who are at risk for developing glucose intolerance.

Given their effects on carbohydrate metabolism, patients on glucocorticoids need careful monitoring to prevent complications associated with hyperglycemia, such as increased risk of infections, delayed wound healing, and exacerbation of any underlying diabetes. Regular blood glucose monitoring allows healthcare providers to make necessary adjustments to medication or dietary plans to manage blood sugar levels effectively.